Terminal

I built a terminal editor and had to dig deep into understanding the terminal better

August 8,2024

Raw mode in a terminal is receiving the raw bytes from the STDIN file. terminal usually gets opened in canonical mode which means input is fed to the program one line at a time, instead of character by character. This can be done by unsetting the ICANON flag. There are a lot of these bitflags

Flag	Description
`ICANON`	canonical flag to indicate that the input is read line by line
`ISIG`	Controls signals like `ctrl+c`, `ctrl+z` and others.
`ECHO`	Echoing the input to the terminal. i.e. seeing what you are typing
`IXON`	Controls `ctrl+s`,`ctrl+q` the name comes from the signals these send, `XOFF` and `XON`
`IEXTEN`	Controls `ctrl+v`. This command sends all the bytes to the program. i.e. `ctrl+v` and `ctrl+c` would send the `ctrl+c` to the program instead
`ICRNL`	Maps the Carriage Return (Return to the new line) to New Line character.
`OPOST`	Controls the post processing of characters. (e.g.) `\n` character is generally rendered out as `\r\n` this is to move the cursor to the begining + newline
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ctrl+s freezes the program and ctrl+q continues it ctrl+z runs it in the background fg can be used to run it in the foreground

Hear from me.